营养灌肠联合生物反馈治疗改道性结肠炎效果的研究

目的 探讨营养灌肠联合生物反馈治疗改道性肠炎的效果。方法 将96位患者按数字随机法分为三组,营养灌肠联合生物反馈训练为试验组1,生物反馈训练为试验组2,常规治疗患者为对照组,观察三组患者三个月肠镜结果对比、回纳术后排便次数、腹痛、排粘液便、治疗前后盆底肌力评估值。结果 试验组1临床疗效高于试验组2和常规治疗组（P<0.05）,试验组2临床疗效高于常规治疗组（P<0.05）,试验组1回纳术后并发症腹痛、粘液便、排便次数明显低于试验组2和对照组（P<0.05）,治疗后盆底肌力评估值试验组1和试验组2明显优于对照组（P<0.05）、试验组1和试验组2无明显差别（P>0.05）。肠镜下结果有无红斑肿胀、糜烂溃疡、炎性息肉试验组1明显优于试验组2和对照组（P<0.05）。结论 营养灌肠联合生物反馈能提高改道性肠炎的治疗效果,改善术后腹痛、排粘液便、排便次数增多症状,提高盆底肌力,减少红斑肿胀、糜烂溃疡、炎性息肉发生率,减少了远端肠管改道性结肠炎发生率。     

An EEG-based functional connectivity measure for automatic detection of alcohol use disorder

BackgroundThe abnormal alcohol consumption could cause toxicity and could alter the human brain’s structure and function, termed as alcohol used disorder (AUD). Unfortunately, the conventional screening methods for AUD patients are subjective and manual. Hence, to perform automatic screening of AUD patients, objective methods are needed. The electroencephalographic (EEG) data have been utilized to study the differences of brain signals between alcoholics and healthy controls that could further developed as an automatic screening tool for alcoholics.MethodIn this work, resting-state EEG-derived features were utilized as input data to the proposed feature selection and classification method. The aim was to perform automatic classification of AUD patients and healthy controls. The validation of the proposed method involved real-EEG data acquired from 30 AUD patients and 30 age-matched healthy controls. The resting-state EEG-derived features such as synchronization likelihood (SL) were computed involving 19 scalp locations resulted into 513 features. Furthermore, the features were rank-ordered to select the most discriminant features involving a rank-based feature selection method according to a criterion, i.e., receiver operating characteristics (ROC). Consequently, a reduced set of most discriminant features was identified and utilized further during classification of AUD patients and healthy controls. In this study, three different classification models such as Support Vector Machine (SVM), Naïve Bayesian (NB), and Logistic Regression (LR) were used.ResultsThe study resulted into SVM classification accuracy = 98%, sensitivity = 99.9%, specificity = 95%, and f-measure = 0.97; LR classification accuracy = 91.7%, sensitivity = 86.66%, specificity = 96.6%, and f-measure = 0.90; NB classification accuracy = 93.6%, sensitivity = 100%, specificity = 87.9%, and f-measure = 0.95.ConclusionThe SL features could be utilized as objective markers to screen the AUD patients and healthy controls.     

Resuscitation after severe hypoxia in a young child: Temporary isoelectric EEG and loss of BAEP components

EEG and multimodality evoked potentials are currently used to ascertain brain death. We have observed electrocerebral silence (ECS) and loss of wave IV and V in BAEP in a 28-month-old child, 2 h after resuscitation from severe hypoxia, followed by reappearance of EEG activity and of waves IV and V (latencies and amplitudes within normal range) 18 h later. Temporary loss of EEG activity has been observed occasionally, while rapid reoccurrence of BAEP waves IV and V was unexpected and in contrast to the common observation, that rostro-caudal loss of BAEP waves is irreversible. This observation suggests that temporary loss of BAEP waves IV and V may occur and that caution is necessary in the interpretation of BAEP recorded immediately after a resuscitation.     

tDCS联合肌电生物反馈改善脑卒中上肢运动功能障碍的疗效观察

目的:探讨经颅直流电(tDCS)联合肌电生物反馈对脑卒中上肢运动功能障碍的疗效。方法:60例脑卒中患者按随机数字表法分为对照组和联合组各30例,2组均进行常规康复训练,对照组在此基础上采用肌电生物反馈,联合组采用tDCS联合肌电生物反馈治疗。在治疗前和治疗6周后,分别采用Fugl-Meyer上肢评定量表(FMA-UE)、改良Barthel指数(MBI)对患者进行评定,并测定患侧肩外展及腕背伸时的表面肌电均值(sEMG)。结果:治疗6周后,2组患者FMA-UE、MBI评分及肩外展和腕背伸时的表面肌电均值较治疗前比较均明显提高(P<0.05,0.01),且联合组的上述指标较对照组均更高(均P<0.05)。结论:tDCS联合肌电生物反馈能较好地改善脑卒中患者的上肢功能障碍,治疗作用优于单一的肌电生物反馈疗法。     

Dynamics of working memory for moving sounds: an event-related potential and scalp current density study

Human brain imaging studies have suggested that posterior temporo-parietal regions are involved in auditory spatial processing. We used electroencephalography to investigate the dynamics of temporo-parietal networks during working memory for moving sounds. A delayed matching-to-sample task required a decision on the identity of positions and trajectories of two moving sounds S1 and S2 presented with delays of 927 or 1427 ms. Moving sounds consisted of noise bursts positioned at successive angles to create the impression of one of six possible trajectories at variable spatial positions. Stimuli in the equally difficult control condition were identical to the memory task up to S2, which was replaced by a spatial displacement in the otherwise stationary background sound whose direction had to be detected. Event-related potentials were recorded from 31 scalp electrodes in 15 subjects. Scalp current density estimates allowed to identify the following components. The fronto-central negative variation preceding S2 did not differ between tasks. In contrast, the sustained negative current during the presentation of S1 originating from superior temporal cortex was more pronounced for the memory task, probably reflecting enhanced attention allocation and foreground-background discrimination. Most importantly, the memory task activated current sources over bilateral posterior parietal regions between the middle of S1 and the end of the delay phase. This component was completely absent in the control condition. In summary, the present study disclosed varying degrees of memorization-related, top-down driven influences on the processing of moving sounds at different stages of an auditory network involving temporal and parietal regions.     

下肢骨折后膝关节功能障碍的肌电生物反馈训练方法及疗效

55名本院伤骨科医院收治的下肢骨折患者,分成肌电生物反馈组和非肌电生物反馈组进行5周的康复训练.每周训练6次,共30次.研究肌电生物反馈训练对下肢骨折后膝关节功能障碍患者的关节活动度,最大伸膝力量等的影响。实验仪器为日本产BF 205型肌电生物反馈训练器.结果表明:下肢骨折后关节功能障碍患者经过正确的、利用器械的渐进抗阻康复训练,均取得很好的康复效果,但在患膝关节活动度、患膝伸肌力量增长上,有肌电生物反馈训练的渐进抗阻康复训练优于非肌电生物反馈训练.     

Obstructed defaecation: what is the role of rehabilitation?

Aim The study was designed to evaluate the results of rehabilitative treatment in patients suffering from obstructed defaecation. Method Between January 2008 and July 2010, 39 patients (37 women, age range 25–73 years; and two men, aged 57 and 67 years) affected by obstructed defaecation were included in the study. After a preliminary clinical evaluation, including the Obstructed Defaecation Syndrome (ODS) score, defaecography and anorectal manometry were performed. All 39 patients underwent rehabilitative treatment according to the ‘multimodal rehabilitative programme’ for obstructive defaecation. At the end of the programme, all 39 patients were reassessed by clinical evaluation and anorectal manometry. Postrehabilition ODS scores were used to categorize patients arbitrarily into three classes, as follows: class I, good (score ≤ 4); class II, fair (score > 4 to ≤ 8); and class III, poor (score > 8). Results After rehabilitation, there was significant improvement in the overall mean ODS score (P < 0.001). Thirty (76.9%) patients were included as class I (good results), of whom eight (20.5%) were symptom free. Five (12.8%) patients were considered class III. A significant postrehabilitative direct correlation was found between ODS score and pelvic surgery (ρ_s = 0.54; P < 0.05). Significant differences were found between pre‐ and postrehabilitative manometric data from the straining test (P < 0.001), duration of maximal voluntary contraction (P < 0.001) and conscious rectal sensitivity threshold (P < 0.02). Conclusion After rehabilitation, some patients become symptom free and many had an improved ODS score.